Outer Mongolia is the world’s second-largest landlocked country after Kazakhstan. Its capital and largest city is Ulan Bator (Ulaanbaatar).
At 1,564,116 square kilometres, Outer Mongolia is the nineteenth largest, and the least densely populated independent country in the world. The country contains very little arable land as much of its area is covered by arid and unproductive steppes with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Approximately thirty percent of the country’s 2.8 million people are nomadic or semi-nomadic. The predominant religion in Outer Mongolia is Tibetan Buddhism, and the majority of the state’s citizens are of the Mongol ethnicity, though Buriats, Kazakhs and Tuvans also live in the country, especially in the west. About 38% of the population lives in Ulan Bator.
CocoonU Cashmere Socks
The Mongolian heartland consists of relatively flat steppes. The southern portion of the country is taken up by the Gobi Desert, while the northern and western portions are mountainous. The highest point in Outer Mongolia is the Khuiten in the Tavan bogd massif in the far west at 4,374 m (14,350 feet). The basin of the lake Uvs Nuur, shared with Tuva Republic in Russia, is a natural World Heritage Site.
Most of the country is hot in the summer and extremely cold in the winter, with January averages dropping as low as -30°C (-22°F). The country is also subject to occasional harsh climatic conditions known as zud. Ulaanbaatar has the coldest average temperature of any national capital in the world.
Landscape
Outer Mongolia is high, cold, and windy. It has an extreme continental climate with long, cold winters and short summers, during which most of its annual precipitation falls. The country averages 257 cloudless days a year, and it is usually at the centre of a region of high atmospheric pressure. Precipitation is highest in the north (average of 20 to 35 centimetres per year) and lowest in the south, which receives 10 to 20 centimetres annually. The extreme south is the Gobi, some regions of which receive no precipitation at all in most years.
The name “Gobi” is a Mongol term for a desert steppe, which usually refers to a category of arid rangeland with insufficient vegetation to support marmots but with enough to support camels. Mongols distinguish Gobi from desert proper, although the distinction is not always apparent to outsiders unfamiliar with the Mongolian landscape. Gobi rangelands are fragile and are easily destroyed by overgrazing, which results in expansion of the true desert, a stony waste where not even Bactrian camels can survive.
Cashmere is characterized by its luxuriously soft fibres. In order for a natural goat fibre to be considered Cashmere, it must be under 18.5 micrometers in diameter and be at least 3.175 centimetres long. It is noted as providing natural light-weight insulation without bulk. Fibres are highly adaptable and are easily constructed into fine or thick yarns, and light to heavy-weight fabrics.
The fibres used by CocoonU are 14-15.5 microns thick and up to 5cm long – this makes them exceptionally soft and also less prone to pilling than shorter thicker fibres.
CocoonU Cashmere Collection
Cashmere is appropriate for all climates; high moisture content allows insulation properties to change with the relative humidity in the air. It is a misconception that the finest fibres are harvested from the neck and belly of the goat as these are generally the dirtiest part of the animal and most subject to collecting debris. The finest fibres are gathered from the saddle of the Cashmere goat; most of the cashmere comes off of the sides and back of the goat’s body from the shoulder to the rump. If the goat is shorn, the fibre must be “de-haired” to remove the coarse, unusable guard hair. Sometimes the fine fibres are collected by combing the goat; either method is time consuming and tedious, thus the high cost of cashmere.
CocoonU only use combed cashmere.
China is the worlds largest cashmere producer, with Mongolia second. Mongolia is 112 places higher up the human rights league table than China. Unions are legal in Mongolia – there is a minimum wage and no known human rights abuses.
Many suppliers of cashmere claim that they source from Mongolia – on closer examination they mean Inner Mongolia which is a region of China – with sweat shops and human rights issues. CocoonU is one of the few companies sourcing from Outer Mongolia. This adds to our costs but also ensures exceptional quality.
Source of the fibre
The Cashmere (Kashmir) or goat down is the source of the wool that becomes cashmere fibre for clothing and other textile articles. The goat (Capra hircus Laniger) is a mammal belonging to the subfamily Caprinae of the family Bovidae. The goats produce a double fleece consisting of the fine, soft undercoat or under-own of hair commingled with a straighter and much coarser outer coating of hair called guard hair. In order for the fine under down to be sold and processed further, it must first be de-haired. De-hairing is a mechanical process that separates the coarse hairs from the fine hair and after de-hairing the resulting “cashmere” is ready to be dyed to colour and converted into yarn, fabrics and garments.
